All of the Following Individuals Have the Same Type of Cancer

All of the following individuals have the same type of cancer and are currently at the same state of health, receiving the same type of treatment, at the same facility. Who is most likely to live longest?

A) Abby, who has high self-efficacy and is unrealistically optimistic
B) Bernie, who has high self-efficacy and a realistic acceptance of his condition
C) Carl, who has low self-efficacy, but is nonetheless optimistic
D) Doug, who has low self-efficacy and is pessimistic about his outcome