The U.S. Supreme Court Has

The U.S. Supreme Court has:

A) used the Contract Clause to restrict states from retroactively modifying public charters and private contracts.
B) held that the Contract Clause precludes states from exercising their police powers.
C) held that the Contract Clause precludes states from exercising eminent domain.
D) used the Contract Clause to require Congress to ratify contracts entered into by way of international treaties.