The legal doctrine upon which Justice Cardozo based his decision in the Palsgraf case is the doctrine of:

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The Palsgraf case is famously based on the doctrine of foreseeability, which holds that a defendant can only be held liable for those harms that the defendant could have foreseen through their actions. Justice Cardozo, in his opinion for the court, emphasized that the harm to Mrs. Palsgraf was not a foreseeable result of the defendant's actions, thus they could not be held liable.

The Legal Doctrine Upon Which Justice Cardozo Based His Decision