The Wade-Gilbert cases held that a post-indictment pre-trial lineup is a "critical stage" of a criminal prosecution that triggers the right to counsel.The logic of the Court in reaching this conclusion was that the presence of the defense attorney:

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The presence of the defense attorney during a post-indictment pre-trial lineup is considered a "critical stage" because it is an opportunity for effective cross-examination of the witness, which is crucial for building a defense during later stages of the criminal prosecution. It is not about allowing the suspect to control the process or procedures or to assert their right to not participate in the lineup.

The Wade-Gilbert Cases Held That a Post-Indictment Pre-Trial Lineup Is