An estimated 3 percent of plastic bags used to carry home groceries and other items end up in creeks, rivers, lakes, and oceans where ducks, turtles, and other wildlife choke on the plastic debris that they mistake for food. Sociologists call this situation

Question

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This situation is referred to as "externality costs," which are costs or benefits of economic activities that are not reflected in the market prices of goods or services. In this case, the environmental damage caused by plastic bags, such as harm to wildlife, is an external cost not accounted for in the price of plastic bags.

An Estimated 3 Percent of Plastic Bags Used to Carry