The jawless vertebrates, referred to as agnathans, form a monophyletic group that includes an ancestor and all of its descendants.

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Agnathans, or jawless vertebrates, are considered a paraphyletic group because they include the common ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants. This group does not include jawed vertebrates, which are also descendants of the same common ancestor.

The Jawless Vertebrates, Referred to as Agnathans, Form a Monophyletic