In Order to Understand the Driving Force of ATP Synthase

In order to understand the driving force of ATP synthase in chloroplasts, researchers broke open chloroplasts, isolated the thylakoid membrane and measured ATP synthesis under different light conditions. What were the results of this experiment?

A) ATP production occurred only in light, suggesting that the light is directly responsible for the activation of ATP synthase.
B) ATP production occurred only in light, suggesting that the light is indirectly responsible for the activation of ATP synthase.
C) ATP production occurred only in dark, suggesting that the light directly inhibits ATP synthase.
D) ATP production occurred only in dark, suggesting that the photons of light act as allosteric (non-competitive) inhibitors of ATP synthase.
E) ATP production occurred only in dark, suggesting that the light is indirectly responsible for the activation of ATP synthase.