Remarkably, Phineas Gage survived a horrific traumatic brain injury in 1848 but was not the same person as before his accident. Although outwardly normal in his intelligence, speech, and movement, Gage became prone to

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Phineas Gage's accident involved a large iron rod passing through his skull, damaging parts of his brain. While he survived and retained his physical abilities and intelligence, his personality changed significantly. He became known for his angry outbursts and unreliability, which were stark contrasts to his behavior before the accident. This case is often cited in discussions of the brain's role in personality and emotional regulation.

Remarkably, Phineas Gage Survived a Horrific Traumatic Brain Injury in 1848