Solved

Match Each Nutrition Term with the Appropriate Definition

Question 61

Matching

Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.

Premises:
intradialytic parenteral nutrition
struvite
acute kidney injury
uremia
diuresis
nephrotic syndrome
cystinuria
glomerular filtration rate
creatinine
hypoalbuminuria
anuria
end-stage renal disease
high energy density
filtrate
Bowman's capsule
dialyzer
aldosterone
ultrafiltration
Responses:
a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion
a machine used in hemodialysis to filter the blood
the substances that pass through the glomerulus and travel through the nephron's tubules, eventually forming urine
increased urine production
the waste product of creatine, a nitrogen-containing compound in muscle cells that supplies energy for muscle contraction
a genetic disorder characterized by the elevated urinary excretion of several amino acids, including cystine
defined as a urine output that is less than about 50 to 75 mL/day
low plasma albumin concentrations
the rate at which filtrate is formed within the kidneys
accumulation of nitrogenous and various other waste products in the blood
a syndrome caused by significant urinary protein losses (more than 3 to 31⁄2 grams daily), as a result of severe glomerular damage
crystals of magnesium ammonium phosphate
a cuplike component of the nephron that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate that is passed to the tubules
a high number of kcalories per unit weight of food
the infusion of nutrients during hemodialysis, often providing amino acids, dextrose, lipids, and some trace minerals
removal of fluids and solutes from the blood by using pressure to transfer the blood across a semipermeable membrane
an advanced stage of chronic kidney disease in which dialysis or a kidney transplant is necessary to sustain life
the rapid decline of kidney function over a period of hours or days

Correct Answer:

intradialytic parenteral nutrition
struvite
acute kidney injury
uremia
diuresis
nephrotic syndrome
cystinuria
glomerular filtration rate
creatinine
hypoalbuminuria
anuria
end-stage renal disease
high energy density
filtrate
Bowman's capsule
dialyzer
aldosterone
ultrafiltration
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