What outcome is likely to occur for a hypothesis test evaluating a treatment that has a very large and robust effect?
A) A Type I error
B) A Type II error
C) Correctly rejecting the null hypothesis
D) Correctly increasing variance

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

If the treatment has a very large and robust effect, it is likely that the results of the hypothesis test will be statistically significant, meaning that we can correctly reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the treatment is effective. Therefore, the best choice is C. A Type I error (selecting the alternative hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true) is less likely to occur with a large effect size, and there is no reason to believe that variance needs to be increased, so choices A, B, and D are not the best choices.

What Outcome Is Likely to Occur for a Hypothesis Test