When you pass a single array element such as an integer, you are passing by reference.

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When you pass a single array element, you are passing by value, not by reference. Passing by reference means passing the memory address of the variable, which would allow the called function to manipulate the original value. However, when passing a single array element, the value is copied to a new variable in the called function, so any changes made to that variable do not affect the original value.

When You Pass a Single Array Element Such as an Integer