Elspeth, a nonparent, watches her friend Maria's toddler daughter throw a genuinely impressive tantrum in a restaurant. Elspeth assures Maria that if she does not reinforce the girl's tantrums but rather models appropriate restaurant behavior and praises the girl when she behaves in an acceptable fashion, the tantrums will cease. Elspeth's views are most consistent with those of

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Elspeth's suggestion of modeling appropriate behavior and reinforcing positive behavior is consistent with the principles of social learning theory, which places emphasis on the role of reinforcement and observational learning in shaping behavior. Psychoanalytic theory focuses on the influence of unconscious conflicts and early childhood experiences on behavior, while symbolic interaction theory emphasizes the importance of shared symbols and meanings in defining and shaping behavior. Object relations theory focuses on the formation and influence of interpersonal relationships on psychological development.

Elspeth, a Nonparent, Watches Her Friend Maria's Toddler Daughter Throw