Ruth Puzzles Over a Report That Claims That Women Are

Ruth puzzles over a report that claims that women are more likely to vote for Democrats than men. She puzzles because her best friend, Joan, always votes Republican. Ruth is guilty of using which of the following false criteria for nomothetic causality?

A) Units of analysis
B) Majority of cases
C) Exceptional cases
D) Complete causation
E) She is not using any false criteria