Assume that society is operating on its concave production possibilities frontier.As more and more units of the good on the horizontal axis are produced,

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As society produces more and more units of the good on the horizontal axis, it has to sacrifice larger and larger amounts of the good on the vertical axis. This is because the production possibility frontier is concave, meaning that the opportunity cost of producing more of one good increases as more of that good is produced. Therefore, society has to give up increasing amounts of the other good to produce more of the horizontal axis good.

Assume That Society Is Operating on Its Concave Production Possibilities