The First in a Series of Jihads in Africa That

The first in a series of jihads in Africa that ended with a Muslim caliphate being established began over

A) an accusation that new converts to Islam had returned to old tribal worship.
B) a charge of infidelity against a local leader.
C) control of the supply of fresh water in Hausaland.
D) unsubstantiated charges that Muslims had been stealing African women.
E) the illegal collection of taxes by the Muslims.