An expression in a condition can be a merge field but it cannot be a series of characters.

Name: An expression in a condition can be a merge field but it cannot be a series of characters.
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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

An expression in a condition can be a series of characters, as long as it evaluates to a Boolean value. For example, "x > 5" is a valid expression in a condition. However, it is also common to use merge fields in conditions, such as "{!Contact.Account.Name} = 'Acme Corporation'".

An Expression in a Condition Can Be a Merge Field