Women in Clinical Trials

Women in Clinical Trials
When new drugs or medical procedures are ready to be tested on human subjects, researchers find volunteers for clinical trials. However, far more men than women are used as subjects during these trials.
It was widely assumed for many years that women and men would respond to medication in the same way. Therefore, it did not seem to matter whether men or women were participating in clinical trials. Because of this, researchers mostly drew from pools of male volunteers because they were perceived to be more low-risk (and accordingly, less expensive to include in a trial) . Women who are pregnant, nursing, post-menopausal or even simply of childbearing age are considered too "risky" to participate in clinical trials. These parameters essentially eliminate all women. However, it is difficult to determine whether this decision to eliminate women was made out of beneficence or paternalism.
The main problem with this gender discrepancy is that men and women are physiologically different. Their bodies process medications and respond to treatments differently. The over-representation of men in clinical trials has impeded the progress of understanding how new medications will affect women.
Question: Which of the following is NOT true according to information found in the passage?

A) In the past, men were given drugs that targeted pregnant and nursing mothers.
B) Researchers test new drugs on human subjects in what are known as "clinical trials."
C) Post-menopausal women were considered too risky to be included in clinical trials.
D) Men are disproportionately represented in clinical trials of new drugs and medical procedures.