The Meiji government encouraged the colonization of the island of Hokkaido in order to provide a buffer against what nation?

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The Meiji government encouraged the colonization of Hokkaido in order to provide a buffer against Russia, which had been expanding its influence in the surrounding area. This colonization effort, known as the Hokkaido Development Commission, began in the late 19th century and involved the resettlement of Japanese citizens to the island, as well as the introduction of western technologies and agricultural practices.

The Meiji Government Encouraged the Colonization of the Island of Hokkaido