Which Statement About Industry Is FALSE

Which statement about industry is FALSE?

A) The West did not benefit from the industries that sprang up from the Cold War.
B) By the mid-1950s, white-collar workers outnumbered blue-collar factory and manual laborers.
C) The unions' success in raising wages inspired employers to mechanize more and more elements of manufacturing in order to reduce labor costs.
D) Since the 1950s, the American economy has shifted away from manufacturing.
E) New England benefited from the growth in the construction of aircraft engines and submarines.