Researchers hypothesized that student nurses make more errors when they train under the supervision of an instructor who has low expectations for their competency. Which statement is accurate regarding research designed to test this hypothesis?

Question

Researchers hypothesized that student nurses make more errors when they train under the supervision of an instructor who has low expectations for their competency.  Which statement is accurate regarding research designed to test this hypothesis?

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

11ecba2d_0d94_c16e_a3bf_5b54de4eed2a_MD0008_00 The teacher expectancy effect describes what occurs when a teacher's preconceived ideas about a student (eg, "he is lazy") result in student performance that ultimately meets the teacher's expectations. Students may overperform (when the teacher has high expectations) or underperform (when the teacher has low expectations). The teacher expectancy effect is thought to occur because teachers' beliefs unconsciously influence their actions, causing them to treat students differently (eg, giving less feedback to a student believed to be lazy). Students then perform in a manner that reinforces the teacher's beliefs. Research that tests whether student nurses make more errors when they train under the supervision of an instructor who has low expectations for their competency is based on the teacher expectancy effect. Instructors' expectations of the student nurses is the independent variable, which is manipulated/controlled by the researchers to determine the effect on the dependent variable (ie, number of errors made). (Choice A) Results showing a teacher expectancy effect (ie, student nurses do make more errors when their instructors have low expectations for their competency) would support the researcher's hypothesis. (Choice B) The Hawthorne effect describes research subjects acting differently as a result of knowing that they are being observed. Results confirming the hypothesis (student nurses make more errors when their instructor has low expectations for their competency) suggest the presence of the teacher expectancy (not Hawthorne) effect. (Choice D) The hypothesis, which was that low teacher expectations would lead to more (ie, a greater number of) errors, did not relate to the severity of errors. Therefore, to test the hypothesis, severity of errors would not need to be operationalized (ie, defined for measurement purposes). Educational objective: The teacher expectancy effect refers to a teacher's preconceived ideas about a student resulting in student performance that meets the teacher's expectations. Independent variables are manipulated/controlled by the researcher to examine the impact on the dependent variable.

Researchers Hypothesized That Student Nurses Make More Errors When They