The nurse is assessing a client with a possible diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. Which client statement is consistent with the diagnosis?

Question

The nurse is assessing a client with a possible diagnosis of peripheral artery disease.  Which client statement is consistent with the diagnosis?

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

11ecbb05_c955_da3d_b433_2bf0446c6a61_MD0009_00 Peripheral artery disease (PAD [previously called peripheral vascular disease]) refers to arteries that have thickened, have lost elasticity due to calcification of the artery walls, and are narrowed by atherosclerotic plaques (made up of fat and fibrin). Pain due to decreased blood flow is the most common symptom of PAD. Cramping pain in the muscles of the legs during exercise, known as intermittent claudication, is usually relieved with rest. However, with critical arterial narrowing, pain can be present at rest and is typically described as "burning pain" that is worsened by elevating the legs and improved when the legs are dependent. Skin becomes cool, dry, shiny, and hairless (due to lack of oxygen). Ulcers and gangrene occur usually at the most distal part of the body, where circulation is poorest. Clients should be advised that a progressive walking program will aid the development of collateral circulation. (Options A, B, and C) Chronic venous insufficiency refers to inadequate venous blood return to the heart. Too much venous blood remains in the lower legs, and venous pressure increases. This increased venous pressure inhibits arterial blood flow to the area, resulting in inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to area cells and the development of stasis ulcers, which are typically found around the medial side of the ankle. By the end of the day or after prolonged standing, the legs become edematous with dull pain due to venous engorgement. The skin of the lower leg becomes thick with a brown pigmentation. Educational objective: The pain of peripheral artery disease is arterial in nature and results from decreased blood flow to the legs. It is made worse with leg elevation. Arterial ulcers are formed at the most distal end of the body. Venous ulcers form over the medial malleolus, and compression bandaging is needed to reduce the pressure.

The Nurse Is Assessing a Client with a Possible Diagnosis