The nurse is assessing a group of clients in the community health clinic for metabolic syndrome. Which clients exhibit features of the syndrome? Select all that apply.

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Individuals with metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance syndrome) have an increased risk of diabetes and coronary artery disease. The presence of abdominal obesity causes increased insulin production (hyperinsulinemia); this excess insulin leads to insulin resistance, the primary feature of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of 3 or more of the following criteria: Increased waist circumference: ≥40 in (102 cm) in men, ≥35 in (89 cm) in women (Option B) Blood pressure: ≥130 mm Hg systolic or ≥85 mm Hg diastolic or drug treatment for hypertension (Option C) Triglyceride level: >150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or drug treatment for elevated triglycerides (Option E) High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels: <40 mg/dL (1.04 mmol/L) in men and <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) in women or drug treatment for low HDL-C Fasting glucose levels: ≥100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or drug treatment for elevated blood glucose (Option D) The mnemonic for metabolic syndrome is "We Better Think High Glucose" (Waist circumference, Blood pressure, Triglyceride, HDL, Glucose). (Option A) The normal LDL level is <100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L); therefore, this client's LDL level is within normal limits. LDL level is not a criterion for diagnosing metabolic syndrome, although a normal level is important for cardiovascular health. Educational objective: Features of metabolic syndrome include increased waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, increased triglycerides, decreased HDL, and increased fasting blood glucose. The mnemonic is "We Better Think High Glucose" (Waist circumference, Blood pressure, Triglyceride, HDL, Glucose).

The Nurse Is Assessing a Group of Clients in the Community