A 2-year-old is diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (eczema). Which instructions should the nurse teach the parents? Select all that apply.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic skin disorder characterized by pruritus, erythema, and dry skin. The exact cause of AD is unknown, although it may be associated with an impaired skin barrier and resulting immune response to invading allergens. The primary goals of management are to alleviate pruritus and keep skin hydrated to reduce scratching. Scratching leads to formation of new lesions and potential secondary infections. Parents should be instructed to give tepid baths using gentle soap; hot water and long bubble baths dry skin and should be avoided (Option C) Skin should be gently patted dry after bathing, followed by immediate application of an emollient (eg, Eucerin, Cetaphil) to seal in moisture (Option A) Nails should be trimmed short and kept filed to reduce scratches (Option D) Clothing should be soft (eg, cotton) and climate-appropriate to reduce perspiration, which can intensify pruritus. Long sleeves should be worn at night. Avoid trigger factors such as heat and low humidity (Option B) Wool pajamas and other rough fabrics can cause itching and sweating. Soft cotton fabrics are a better choice. (Option E) Rubbing or vigorously drying can damage the skin and lead to exacerbations or infection. Skin should be patted dry gently. Educational objective: Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic skin disorder manifested by pruritus, erythema, and very dry skin. The goal of management is to reduce scratching with key measures such as giving tepid baths, moisturizing skin with emollients, wearing soft cotton clothing, and keeping nails trimmed short.

A 2-Year-Old Is Diagnosed with Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)