A nurse is caring for an intubated client receiving a continuous sedative infusion. Which interventions by the nurse reflect correct understanding of preventing ventilator-acquired pneumonia? Select all that apply.

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11ecbb05_cafa_3ba0_b433_5fa24710aeee_MD0009_00 Mechanically ventilated clients are at risk for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to sedation and impairment of natural defenses (eg, coughing) by artificial airways. Interventions to reduce the risk of VAP include: Elevating the head of the bed 30-45 degrees (ie, semi-Fowler position) (Option A) Providing oral care with antiseptic solutions (eg, chlorhexidine mouthwash) and suctioning subglottic secretions (Option D) Performing scheduled daily sedation vacations and maintaining appropriate client sedation levels (Option E) Practicing strict hand hygiene (Option C) (Option B) Endotracheal suctioning should be performed only when clinically indicated (eg, adventitious breath sounds, coughing, elevated peak airway pressure). Frequent suctioning increases the risk for tracheal and bronchial trauma, bleeding, and hypoxia. Educational objective: Mechanically ventilated clients are at risk for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to sedation and use of an artificial airway. VAP prevention includes elevating the head of the bed 30-45 degrees, providing regular oral hygiene with chlorhexidine solution, practicing strict hand hygiene, and performing daily sedation vacations.

A Nurse Is Caring for an Intubated Client Receiving a Continuous