The nurse is caring for a client in the first trimester during an initial prenatal clinic visit. Based on the information provided by the client, which factor places the client at an increased risk for preterm labor?

Question

The nurse is caring for a client in the first trimester during an initial prenatal clinic visit.  Based on the information provided by the client, which factor places the client at an increased risk for preterm labor?

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Preterm birth is defined as birth before 37 weeks and 0 days gestation. Infection (eg, periodontal disease, urinary tract infection) is strongly associated with preterm labor, particularly when untreated (Option B). Infection causes release of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, which are uterotonic (ie, promote contractions) and contribute to cervical softening. Some risk factors for preterm birth may be modifiable with lifestyle changes and early treatment. Risk factors should be addressed at the initial and each subsequent prenatal visit to allow for early identification and management. Some risk factors for preterm birth include: History of spontaneous preterm birth in a previous pregnancy (single largest independent risk factor) Previous cervical surgery, such as a cone biopsy (weakens cervical support) Tobacco and/or illicit drug use (Option A) Maternal ages <17 and >35 are associated with increased risk for preterm birth. Maternal age of 25 is not a risk factor. (Option C) Maternal undernutrition can increase the risk for preterm birth and low infant birth weight. However, a balanced vegetarian diet with adequate pregnancy weight gain does not increase preterm birth risk. (Option D) Non-Hispanic black women have the highest rates of preterm labor and birth. Non-Hispanic white ethnicity is not a risk factor for preterm birth. Educational objective: Infection (eg, periodontal disease, urinary tract infection) places pregnant clients at increased risk for preterm labor and birth. Other risk factors include history of preterm birth, previous cervical surgery, tobacco/illicit drug use, and maternal age <17 or >35.

The Nurse Is Caring for a Client in the First