A client has just been prescribed allopurinol for chronic gout. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize to the client?

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Allopurinol is prescribed to prevent gout attacks (pain and inflammation in joints caused by uric acid deposits). It inhibits uric acid production and improves solubility. Allopurinol should be taken with a full glass of water, and it is very important for the nurse to educate the client about fluid intake with this medication. The client should also increase daily fluid intake as this will help prevent the formation of renal stones and promote diuresis (increase drug and uric acid excretion). (Option A) Biosynthesis of uric acid occurs in the liver, and antigout medications are excreted via the kidneys; therefore, liver and renal function should be checked periodically. In addition, blood counts should be monitored as some antigout medications can cause blood dyscrasias. This is important but does not have priority over the daily need for increased fluids. (Option B) This is a common instruction given about the storage of many medications. It helps to ensure potency of the medication and prevent deterioration. (Option C) Taking allopurinol with food or after a meal can help to prevent gastric upset. Educational objective: It is important for the nurse to educate the client taking allopurinol about drinking a full glass of water with each dose and increasing overall fluid intake. Increased fluids help to prevent renal stones and promote diuresis and uric acid excretion.

A Client Has Just Been Prescribed Allopurinol for Chronic Gout