Upfront efforts to ward off or modify the onset of a stressful event are called _____ coping.

Question

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Proactive coping involves efforts to prevent or modify potential stressors before they occur, rather than simply dealing with the stress after it has already taken place. Choices A (problem-focused coping) and B (emotion-focused coping) are reactive coping strategies that are used after the stressor has already occurred. Choice D (anticipatory coping) is a related concept, but it specifically refers to coping efforts that take place in anticipation of an upcoming stressor, such as preparing for a difficult conversation or exam. However, proactive coping is a broader term that includes both anticipatory and preventative coping strategies.

Upfront Efforts to Ward Off or Modify the Onset of a Stressful