An 8-year-old boy is brought to the hospital due to severe headache and altered mental status. An aggressive, high-risk neuroblastoma is diagnosed. As part of his treatment, the patient will receive an autologous bone marrow transplant using stem cells obtained from his peripheral blood. His pretransplant evaluation reveals a history of Epstein-Barr virus infection. This patient is at greatest risk for which of the following after transplantation?

Question

An 8-year-old boy is brought to the hospital due to severe headache and altered mental status.  An aggressive, high-risk neuroblastoma is diagnosed.  As part of his treatment, the patient will receive an autologous bone marrow transplant using stem cells obtained from his peripheral blood.  His pretransplant evaluation reveals a history of Epstein-Barr virus infection.  This patient is at greatest risk for which of the following after transplantation?

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eductional Objective: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation reinfuses host cells from the patient's peripheral blood or banked cord blood to reconstitute the bone marrow.  Because the reinfused cells are genetically identical to the host's, there is no risk of graft rejection or graft versus host disease.  Although there is also no risk of transferring a new bloodborne pathogen, chronic or latent infections (eg, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus) may worsen due to the transient immunosuppression induced by myeloablative chemotherapy.

An 8-Year-Old Boy Is Brought to the Hospital Due to Severe