A nephrology researcher conducts a clinical study to determine the risk factors for the development of renal calculi. He recruits a number of patients with a history of idiopathic calcium oxalate kidney stones, along with age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Detailed medical, surgical, and nutritional histories are obtained, and several serum and urine laboratory tests are performed. Which of the following is most likely to be seen in affected patients compared with healthy individuals?

Question

A nephrology researcher conducts a clinical study to determine the risk factors for the development of renal calculi.  He recruits a number of patients with a history of idiopathic calcium oxalate kidney stones, along with age- and sex-matched healthy subjects.  Detailed medical, surgical, and nutritional histories are obtained, and several serum and urine laboratory tests are performed.  Which of the following is most likely to be seen in affected patients compared with healthy individuals?

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eductional Objective: Renal calculi occur due to an imbalance of the factors that facilitate or inhibit stone formation.  Increased urinary concentrations of calcium, oxalate, and uric acid promote salt crystallization, whereas increased urinary citrate concentration and high fluid intake prevent calculi formation.

A Nephrology Researcher Conducts a Clinical Study to Determine the Risk