Carol is a client who is being assessed for risk for anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Which of the following are factors that would increase Carol's risk for having anal HPV? (Select all that apply.)

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Factors that increase the risk for anal HPV include the presence of cervical HPV (A), indicating an existing HPV infection that could affect multiple areas; a low CD4 count (B), as seen in immunocompromised individuals like those with HIV, which makes it harder for the body to fight off infections including HPV; a history of anal intercourse (C), which is a direct route for HPV transmission to the anal area; and smoking (E), which has been linked to a higher risk of acquiring various types of HPV infections. Lesbian sexual orientation (D) in itself is not a direct risk factor for anal HPV unless the individual engages in behaviors that are known risk factors, such as having anal intercourse or a history of HPV infections.

Carol Is a Client Who Is Being Assessed for Risk