Why was the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 enacted?

Question

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The Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 was enacted to reduce the chance that a life would be shortened or prolonged against the wishes of the individual. Part of this act is to inform individuals upon admission to a hospital that a Living Will, a document that states one's wishes regarding end-of-life care, can be completed to make sure that one's preferences are respected. There is also a durable power of attorney for health care, a document that designates an alternative decision maker, family member or not, who becomes one's advocate in the event that the person becomes incapacitated.

Why Was the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 Enacted