The Reward Valence of a Communicator Is

The reward valence of a communicator is:

A) the zone around the individual that is advantageous to cross.
B) the sum of the positive and negative attributes the person brings to the encounter.
C) the potential he or she has to reward or punish in the future.
D) the sum of the positive and negative attributes the person brings to the encounter plus the potential he or she has to reward or punish in the future.