Physical Methods Mediate Successful Gene Delivery by the Following Mechanism

Physical methods mediate successful gene delivery by the following mechanism:

A) Inducing endocytotic pathway to facilitate DNA entry.
B) Activating receptors on cell surface to facilitate DNA uptake.
C) Activating transcriptional factors for transgene expression.
D) Transient perforation of cell membrane to allow DNA entry.
E) Protection of DNA from degradation by deactivating serum and tissue nucleases.