After the first contact with Europeans, what was the biggest single cause of the depopulation in both Australia and the Americas?

Question

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The biggest single cause of depopulation in both Australia and the Americas after the first contact with Europeans was disease. Indigenous populations had no immunity to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza, which were brought by Europeans, leading to widespread and devastating epidemics.

After the First Contact with Europeans, What Was the Biggest