In order for Darwinian natural selection to cause evolutionary change, a population must contain individuals that differ hereditarily in some characteristic because

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Darwinian natural selection relies on hereditary variation to drive evolutionary change. This variation allows for certain traits to be more advantageous in a given environment, and these traits are then more likely to be passed on to the next generation. Without hereditary differences, there would be no basis for some individuals to be more likely to survive and reproduce than others, thus halting the process of natural selection.

In Order for Darwinian Natural Selection to Cause Evolutionary Change