Those things that confuse test and survey results and research findings serve as a:

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Threats to internal validity refer to factors within a study that can lead to incorrect conclusions about the causal relationship between variables. These threats can confuse or confound the results, making it difficult to determine if changes in the dependent variable are truly due to the independent variable or some other factor.

Those Things That Confuse Test and Survey Results and Research