Hendrik Spruyt Argues That

Hendrik Spruyt argues that:

A) City-states and leagues of merchant cities were more efficient than states.
B) City-states out-maneuvered larger states because they were more economically nimble.
C) States became powerful through diplomacy of such leaders as the Marques de Pombal in Europe and Empress Dowager Cixi in China.
D) States out-competed other forms of organization in economic terms in addition to political/military conflict.