In ape call systems, the link between the sound of a call and its meaning appears to be fixed and under considerable direct biological control. Thus, ape call systems lack the linguistic design feature of

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The link between the sound of a call and its meaning in ape call systems being fixed and under direct biological control indicates a lack of arbitrariness. In human language, the connection between a word and its meaning is often arbitrary, meaning there is no inherent connection between the sound of the word and its meaning.

In Ape Call Systems, the Link Between the Sound of a Call