Joe is a heavy drinker and when he occasionally goes longer than usual without drinking alcohol, he experiences unpleasant physical symptoms. Joe has developed ________.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Joe experiencing unpleasant physical symptoms when he goes without drinking alcohol indicates physical dependence, as his body has adapted to the presence of alcohol and reacts negatively when it's absent.

Joe Is a Heavy Drinker and When He Occasionally Goes