By continuing to believe that smoking is not harmful to his health despite evidence of its link to lung cancer,John is illustrating a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question

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A self-fulfilling prophecy is when a person's belief influences their behavior in such a way that it ultimately leads to the expected outcome. In this scenario, John's belief that smoking is not harmful to his health is not a self-fulfilling prophecy because his behavior (smoking) does not guarantee the expected outcome (not getting lung cancer). Rather, it puts him at a higher risk for lung cancer.

By Continuing to Believe That Smoking Is Not Harmful to His