Sissela Bok | Defining Secrecy-Some Crucial Distinctions

Sissela Bok | Defining Secrecy-Some Crucial Distinctions
Bok distinguishes secrecy from lying before defining secrecy as intentional concealment. She defines privacy as distinct from secrecy and explains how they nonetheless overlap in some instances. Conflicts of secrecy are generally conflicts about power and the control of information. The dangers of secrecy lead her to the challenge of an ethical inquiry into the nature of secrecy that preserves its neutrality without identifying it exclusively with favorable or unfavorable practices.
-To Bok, secrecy presupposes

A) intentional concealing of information.
B) separation of secret from non-secret information.
C) separation of keepers of the secret from those who do not know of it.
D) all of the above