Question 1

"Socratic dialogue," a component of cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic pain, ________.

Accepted Answer

Socratic dialogue in the context of cognitive behavioural therapy encourages individuals to critically evaluate their thoughts and beliefs through guided questioning and dialogue, leading to new perspectives or insights, particularly about their experience of pain. It does not primarily involve meditation, hypnosis, or promoting the acceptance of pain as a part of the human condition in the way described by the other options.

Question 2

The following statement regarding psychological interventions for acute pain management is not true: ________.

Accepted Answer

CPsychological interventions for acute pain management are often studied as adjuncts to pharmacological treatments rather than standalone therapies, making their efficacy without pharmacological support unclear. Technological advancements like virtual reality have indeed been incorporated into these interventions with positive outcomes, indicating that while these interventions can complement standard treatments, their standalone efficacy remains uncertain.

Question 3

Rubbing a painful area often helps reduce pain because the act of rubbing activates the ________ fibres that tend to ________ nociceptive transmission.

Accepted Answer

Rubbing a painful area activates large-diameter fibers, which are believed to inhibit the transmission of pain signals (nociceptive transmission) to the brain, a phenomenon explained by the gate control theory of pain.

Question 4

The neuromatrix model does not ________.

Accepted Answer

The neuromatrix model of pain posits that the perception of the body, including the experience of pain, is produced by a central neural process. It does not exclude pain from the perception of the body's unity.

Question 5

According to the communications model of pain, the chain of pain communication is seen as a ________ process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the communications model of pain,...

Question 6

Briefly outline the epidemiological, clinical, and psychosocial significance of chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly outline the epidemiological, clinical, and psychosocial...

Question 7

Briefly discuss how a purely biomedical approach to chronic pain can affect the long-term treatment of patients seeking help from a physician.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly discuss how a purely biomedical approach...

Question 8

Succinctly review some of the evidence indicating that pain is not simply another sensation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Succinctly review some of the evidence indicating...

Question 9

Briefly list and discuss three cognitive processes engaged in the processing of chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly list and discuss three cognitive processes...

Question 10

Review two of the frequent long-term psychological consequences of untreated chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Review two of the frequent long-term psychological...

Question 11

Briefly discuss the chain of events leading to a common social outcome of untreated chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly discuss the chain of events leading...

Question 12

Describe Descartes' influential theory of pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Descartes' influential theory of pain....

Question 13

Describe the different methods that tend to be incorporated into cognitive behavioural therapy for pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the different methods that tend to...

Question 14

Compare and contrast biopsychosocial theories of pain with strictly biomedical models, such as those influenced by Descartes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast biopsychosocial theories of pain...

Question 15

Briefly present a real-life example to illustrate how cultural/ethnic differences underlie distinct experiences of pain. Discuss which among the various biopsychosocial models of pain best accounts for these observations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly present a real-life example to illustrate...

Question 16

Present one example, from your own experience, in which nociception was present, but no actual pain was perceived. Then, discuss (a) the psychological mechanisms involved, and (b) how these same mechanisms are exploited in the psychological therapy of chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Present one example, from your own experience,...

Question 17

Describe phantom limb pain and the paradoxical nature of this phenomenon. Then discuss (a) which pain theories can explain it and which cannot, and (b) how it is being addressed in the clinic (tip: see the work of UC San Diego neurologist V.S. Ramachandran).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe phantom limb pain and the paradoxical...

Question 18

Using the example you have selected in essay question (1), describe the likely neural systems involved.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the example you have selected in...

Question 19

Describe the way in which the neuromatrix model accounts for the conscious unity of the body/self.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the way in which the neuromatrix...

Question 20

Briefly describe the operant and the fear avoidance models of pain, including their historical origin. Finally, discuss their strengths and limits.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the operant and the fear...

Quiz 9: The Psychology of Pain