Which Supreme Court case held that the imposition of the death penalty on a mentally retarded defendant is a violation of the Eighth Amendment?

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Atkins v. Virginia (2002) held that executing individuals with intellectual disability (formerly referred to as mental retardation) is a violation of the Eighth Amendment, which prohibits cruel and unusual punishment. This decision overturned Penry v. Lynaugh (1989), where the Court had previously allowed the execution of individuals with intellectual disability.

Which Supreme Court Case Held That the Imposition of the Death