Two Students, Jia from China and Julie from the United

Two students, Jia from China and Julie from the United States, each learn that their best friend has cheated on an important exam. Which of the following predictions is most consistent with existing research on culture and emotion?

A) Jia will feel more ashamed than Julie, because Jia's language has more words for shame and embarrassment.
B) Jia will feel more ashamed than Julie, because Jia's self-concept is more strongly defined by her relationship with her friends.
C) Julie will feel more ashamed than Jia, because Julie's culture is more concerned with status differences.
D) Jia and Julie will feel equally ashamed of their friend's behavior.