What Was One of the Major Reasons That Countries in the Southern

What was one of the major reasons that countries in the Southern Hemisphere, with few exceptions, experienced lower standards of living in the 1980s and 1990s?

A) The climate in those countries was unhealthy, and there was no way to improve living standards, even with modern technology.
B) Even though colonial rule and exploitation by northerners had ended, their legacy continued to have a negative impact on living standards.
C) Northern industrial nations did not see any viable markets in the Southern Hemisphere, so they limited the amount of manufactured goods shipped there.
D) The International Monetary Fund refused to lend money to nations in the Southern Hemisphere because the few natural resources there made it unlikely that the countries could ever repay the loans.