Why Did Soviet-Bloc Nations Often Have Great Difficulty Applying Their

Why did Soviet-bloc nations often have great difficulty applying their achievements in science to commercial applications?

A) The Soviets continued to be suspicious of their satellite states' intentions and insisted on burdensome monitoring of their research and development efforts.
B) The process of gaining bureaucratic approval for innovations was inefficient, and findings often became obsolete before they could be applied to technology.
C) The slow but steady brain drain to the West continued with the flight of hundreds of researchers and scientists.
D) The Soviet bloc's emphasis on heavy industry offered ambitious scientists few incentives to produce for domestic consumption.