The equal protection clause has been interpreted to preclude states from:

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The equal protection clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, is primarily concerned with ensuring that states do not make arbitrary or unjust distinctions between individuals or groups. This means that states are prohibited from enacting laws or policies that treat people differently without a sufficient legal justification. It does not directly address discrimination by private citizens or make all forms of discrimination illegal, nor does it specifically enumerate categories like race, religion, or age, although these have been significant focuses in its application through court interpretations.

The Equal Protection Clause Has Been Interpreted to Preclude States