Which instrumental learning theorist assumed that behavior is inherently flexible and goal-oriented, and that instrumental associations also involve S-O associations?
A) Edwin Guthrie
B) Edward Thorndike
C) Edward Tolman
D) Clark Hull

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Edward Tolman is known for his cognitive approach to learning, which includes the concept that behavior is goal-oriented and involves the formation of expectations or cognitive maps, indicating an understanding of the relationship between stimuli and outcomes (S-O associations).

Which Instrumental Learning Theorist Assumed That Behavior Is Inherently Flexible