A backlash against the foreign presence in Japan, resulting from the "treaty port" era of exposure to Western powers, led to the creation of an anti-foreigner movement aimed at driving out the Tokugawa and _________ had coalesced around the samurai of two southern domains, Satsuma and Choshu, the so-called "Satcho clique."

Question

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The anti-foreigner movement aimed at driving out the Tokugawa shogunate and restoring imperial rule, which coalesced around the samurai of Satsuma and Choshu, leading to the Meiji Restoration.

A Backlash Against the Foreign Presence in Japan, Resulting from the "Treaty