What Is Primordialism in the Context of Nations

What is primordialism in the context of nations?

A) The theory that culture is key to the interpretation of a group's assumed primordial essence.
B) Primordialism views the phenomenon of the nation as something fundamental to human nature and having existed since the start of human existence.
C) The theory that nations have always existed in some form or another but are not 'given by nature'.
D) The theory that we should go back to living in tribal societies rather than states.